EEGpedia - User contributions [@@LOCALE@@]

Angelman syndrome

2017-07-13T10:20:00Z

Jongbloed:

==Background==
* In 1/12,000- 1/25,000 children.
* Genetic disorder, loss of function in UBE3A gene on chromosome 15.
* Clinical features apparent after birth, usually within age of 1 or 2 years old.

==Clinics==
* Delayed psychomotor development.
* In early years often smiling: ‘''Happy puppet syndrome''’.
* Overeating.
* Sleep disturbances.
* Microcephaly, large tongue and hypersalivation.
* 90% of the paients have seizures ; usually tonic or atone seizures, or absences.
* Vulnerable to infections.

==EEG==
* Frontal slowing
* Rhytmic discharges in 2-4Hz predominently in the frontal and/or occipital regions.
* Occipital discharges can be triggered by closing th eyes.
* EEG similar in patients wit hand without seizures.

----

'''''Angelman syndrome in an 8-year-old girl (source) with frontal slowing together with occipital and frontal spikes and slow wave complexes, not synchrone'''''
[[File: Angelman_syndrome_in_an_8-year-old_girl_(source).png_EEGpedia.png|border|none|1200px|left]]

----

File:Angelman syndrome in an 8-year-old girl (source).png EEGpedia.png

2017-07-13T10:15:27Z

Jongbloed: Angelman_syndrome_in_an_8-year-old_girl_(source)

Angelman_syndrome_in_an_8-year-old_girl_(source)

Angelman syndrome

2017-07-13T10:07:16Z

Jongbloed: Created page with "==Background== * In 1/12,000- 1/25,000 children. * Genetic disorder, loss of function in UBE3A gene on chromosome 15. * Clinical features apparent after birth, usually within..."

Main Page

2017-07-13T10:06:25Z

Jongbloed:

__NOTOC__
{| id="mp-topbanner" style="width:100%; background:#fcfcfc; margin-top:-1em; border:1px solid #ccc;"
| style="width:56%; color:#000;" |

{| style="width:280px; border:none; background:none;"
| style="width:280px; text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;" |
<div style="font-size:162%; border:none; margin:0; padding:.1em; color:#000;">Welcome to '''EEGpedia''',</div>
<div style="top:+0.2em; font-size:95%;">A site to improve knowledge of Electroencephalography in an easy and clear way.<br /> Designed by neurologists for medical professionals who come into contact with EEG's</div>
<div id="articlecount" style="width:100%; text-align:left; font-size:95%;">EEGpedia has a growing number of visitors from around the world</div>
<div id="articlecount" style="width:100%; text-align:left; font-size:95%;">Also visit our EMG website [http://www.EMGpedia.org EMGpedia.org].</div>
|}

| style="width:15%; font-size:95%;" |

| style="width:80px; font-size:80%;" |
[[Image:Jonas_de_Jong.png|link=|75px|center]]
| style="width:18%; font-size:80%;" |
'''Founder:'''<br />
'''Martin Herklots, MD'''<br />
Neurology resident, ETZ hospital, Tilburg<br />
The Netherlands<br />

|}

<div style="padding:10px">

{| width="100%" cellspacing="5"
|-
| style="border:1px solid #E2ACB1;background-color:#eaf3ff;padding:5px;" width="33%" valign="top" |
<h2 style="margin:0px;margin-bottom:15px;background-color:#D1DAEB;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a3bfb1;text-align:center;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Normal EEG</h2>

<div align="left" style="margin-top:15px;">
<div style="font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;border-bottom:1px solid #E2ACB1;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em">Normal waves</div>
{| style="background:transparent;font-size:9pt" align="left"
|-

*[[Alpha rhythm]]
*[[Beta rhythm]]
*[[Delta waves]]
*[[Theta rhythm]]
*[[Mu rhythm]]
*[[Lambda waves]]
<br />

<h2 style="margin:0px;margin-bottom:15px;background-color:#D1DAEB;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a3bfb1;text-align:center;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Normal variants</h2>

'''Rhythmic patterns'''
----

*[[Normal slowing during hyperventilation]]
*[[RMTD (rhythmic midtemporal theta burst of drowsiness)]]
*[[SREDA (subclinical rhythmic electrographic discharges in adults)]]
*[[Midline theta rhythm (Ciganek)]]
*[[Frontal arousal rhythm]]
*[[Slow alpha variant]]
*[[Fast alpha variant]]

'''Epileptiform like patterns'''

----

*[[Small sharp spikes (SSS or BETS)]]
*[[Wicket spikes]]
*[[6 Hz spike-and-wave bursts (WHAM and FOLD)]]
*[[14 & 6 Hz positive bursts]]
*[[4 Hz vertex rhythm]]
*[[Breach rhythm]]

<h2 style="margin:0px;margin-bottom:15px;background-color:#D1DAEB;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a3bfb1;text-align:center;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Sleep</h2>
'''EEG during sleep'''

----

*[[Sleep overview]]
*[[Non-REM 1]]
*[[Non-REM 2]]
*[[Non-REM 3]]
*[[REM sleep]]
*[[POSTS (Positive occipital sharp transients of sleep)]]
*[[K complex]]
*[[Vertex waves]]

<h2 style="margin:0px;margin-bottom:15px;background-color:#D1DAEB;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a3bfb1;text-align:center;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Artifacts</h2>
'''Different kinds of artifacts'''

----

*[[Eye blink artifact]]
*[[Eye movements artifact]]
*[[Muscle artifact]]
*[[ECG artifact]]
*[[Pulse artifact]]
*[[Breathing artifact]]
*[[Sweat artifact]]

</div>
</div>
|}


|style="border:1px solid #E2ACB1;background-color:#eaf3ff;padding:5px;" width="33%" valign="top" |
<h2 style="margin:0px;margin-bottom:15px;background-color:#D1DAEB;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a3bfb1;text-align:center;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Abnormal EEG</h2>
<div style="margin-top:15px;">
<div align="left" style="font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;border-bottom:1px solid #E2ACB1;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em">Epileptiform:</div>
{| style="background:transparent;font-size:10pt" align="left"
|-
| style="background:transparent" valign="top" align="left"|
*[[Spikes and sharp waves]]
*[[Spike slow wave complex]]
*[[Sharp wave slow wave complex]]
*[[Polyspikes slow wave complex]]
*[[Photoparoxysmal response]]
*[[Status epilepticus]]

'''Abnormalities associated with epilepsy'''

----
*[[LPD (lateralized periodic discharges)]]
*[[BIPD (Bilateral independent periodic discharges)]]
*[[TIRDA (temporal intermittent rhythmic delta activity)]]
*[[OIRDA (occipital intermittent rhythmic delta activity)]]
*[[GPD (Generalized periodic discharges)]]

'''Encephalopathic'''

----

*[[FIRDA (frontal intermittent rhythmic delta activity)]]

'''Focal abnormalities'''

----

*[[Zeta waves]]

|}


| style="border:1px solid #E2ACB1;background-color:#eaf3ff;padding:5px;" width="33%" valign="top" |
<h2 style="margin:0px;margin-bottom:15px;background-color:#D1DAEB;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a3bfb1;text-align:center;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Epilepsy syndromes</h2>
<div align="left" style="margin-top:15px;">
<div style="font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;border-bottom:1px solid #E2ACB1;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em">The clinic and EEG abnormalities of epilepsy syndromes</div>
{| style="background:transparent;font-size:10pt" align="left"
|-
| style="background:transparent" valign="top" align="left"|
*[[Benign childhood Epilepsy with CentroTemporal Spikes (=BECTS) or Rolandic epilepsy]]
*[[Childhood Absence Epilepsy]]
*[[CSWS (Continuous spike and wave during slow wave sleep)]]
*[[Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy]]
*[[Landau Kleffner Syndrome (LKS)]]
*[[Panayiotopoulos Syndrome]]
*[[West Syndrome (Infantile Spasm)]]
*[[Angelman syndrome]]

|}


<div style="clear:both"></div>
<h2 style="margin:0px;margin-bottom:15px;background-color:#D1DAEB;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a3bfb1;text-align:center;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em;">EEG of the Month</h2>
<div style="padding:5px;background:#eaf3ff;border:1px solid #ccc;">
<div align="center" style="margin-top:15px;">
[[File:EEG_of_the_month_1(source).png|400px]]</div>
''EEG of a 5 year old girl (source)''

[[ Panayiotopoulos Syndrome | Click here for the correct answer ]]

[[ EEG of the month | Previous EEG of the month ]]
</div>
</div>



</div>
|}




<div style="border:1px solid #E2ACB1;padding:4px;text-align:left;background-color:#eaf3ff;margin-top:10px">
<div style="padding:15px">
<h2 style="margin:0px;margin-bottom:15px;background-color:#D1DAEB;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a3bfb1;text-align:left;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em;">'''Contributors'''</h2>
{| width=100% style="background:transparent"
'''Martin Herklots, MD'''<br />
Neurology resident, ETZ hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands<br />
''Founder and author''<br />
'''Geert Brekelmans, MD, PhD'''<br />
Neurologist, ETZ hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands<br />
''Author and EEG examples''<br />
'''Bas Jongbloed, MD'''<br />
Neurology resident, ETZ hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands<br />
''Author''
|

|}
</div>
</div>

Benign childhood Epilepsy with CentroTemporal Spikes (=BECTS) or Rolandic epilepsy

2017-07-13T08:00:05Z

Jongbloed:

==Background==
* Around 15% of all childhood epilepsy
* Mean debute of seizure at 7 years of age, with a spread 3-13 year. Stops at adolescence.
* Seizures are usually low frequented, with 10-15% having only one seizure
* Development is normal.

==Clinics==
* Oropharyngeal motor seizures in 50%
* Hypersalivation
* Anarthria
* Sometimes Jacksonian march up to generalized tonic clonic seizures/ status epilepticus.
* Most frequent in sleap/ early morning.
* Triggered by deprivation of sleep

==EEG==
* Preferably EEG during sleep.
* Centrotemporal spike wave complexes, unilateral or bilateral, with high amplitudes.

----

'''''Rolandic epilepsy in a 7 year old girl, with centrotemporal spike wave complexes (average) '''''
[[File:Rolandic epilepsy in a 7 year old girl (average) EEGpedia.png|border|none|1200px|left]]

----

''Author: Bas jongbloed, MD, neurology resident, ETZ, Tilburg''

File:Rolandic epilepsy in a 7 year old girl (average) EEGpedia.png

2017-07-13T07:55:25Z

Jongbloed: Rolandic epilepsy in a 7 year old girl (average)

Rolandic epilepsy in a 7 year old girl (average)

Benign childhood Epilepsy with CentroTemporal Spikes (=BECTS) or Rolandic epilepsy

2017-07-13T07:50:20Z

Jongbloed: Created page with "==Background== * Around 15% of all childhood epilepsy * Mean debute of seizure at 7 years of age, with a spread 3-13 year. Stops at adolescence. * Seizures are usually low fr..."

Main Page

2017-07-13T07:45:18Z

Jongbloed:

__NOTOC__
{| id="mp-topbanner" style="width:100%; background:#fcfcfc; margin-top:-1em; border:1px solid #ccc;"
| style="width:56%; color:#000;" |

{| style="width:280px; border:none; background:none;"
| style="width:280px; text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;" |
<div style="font-size:162%; border:none; margin:0; padding:.1em; color:#000;">Welcome to '''EEGpedia''',</div>
<div style="top:+0.2em; font-size:95%;">A site to improve knowledge of Electroencephalography in an easy and clear way.<br /> Designed by neurologists for medical professionals who come into contact with EEG's</div>
<div id="articlecount" style="width:100%; text-align:left; font-size:95%;">EEGpedia has a growing number of visitors from around the world</div>
<div id="articlecount" style="width:100%; text-align:left; font-size:95%;">Also visit our EMG website [http://www.EMGpedia.org EMGpedia.org].</div>
|}

| style="width:15%; font-size:95%;" |

| style="width:80px; font-size:80%;" |
[[Image:Jonas_de_Jong.png|link=|75px|center]]
| style="width:18%; font-size:80%;" |
'''Founder:'''<br />
'''Martin Herklots, MD'''<br />
Neurology resident, ETZ hospital, Tilburg<br />
The Netherlands<br />

|}

<div style="padding:10px">

{| width="100%" cellspacing="5"
|-
| style="border:1px solid #E2ACB1;background-color:#eaf3ff;padding:5px;" width="33%" valign="top" |
<h2 style="margin:0px;margin-bottom:15px;background-color:#D1DAEB;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a3bfb1;text-align:center;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Normal EEG</h2>

<div align="left" style="margin-top:15px;">
<div style="font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;border-bottom:1px solid #E2ACB1;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em">Normal waves</div>
{| style="background:transparent;font-size:9pt" align="left"
|-

*[[Alpha rhythm]]
*[[Beta rhythm]]
*[[Delta waves]]
*[[Theta rhythm]]
*[[Mu rhythm]]
*[[Lambda waves]]
<br />

<h2 style="margin:0px;margin-bottom:15px;background-color:#D1DAEB;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a3bfb1;text-align:center;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Normal variants</h2>

'''Rhythmic patterns'''
----

*[[Normal slowing during hyperventilation]]
*[[RMTD (rhythmic midtemporal theta burst of drowsiness)]]
*[[SREDA (subclinical rhythmic electrographic discharges in adults)]]
*[[Midline theta rhythm (Ciganek)]]
*[[Frontal arousal rhythm]]
*[[Slow alpha variant]]
*[[Fast alpha variant]]

'''Epileptiform like patterns'''

----

*[[Small sharp spikes (SSS or BETS)]]
*[[Wicket spikes]]
*[[6 Hz spike-and-wave bursts (WHAM and FOLD)]]
*[[14 & 6 Hz positive bursts]]
*[[4 Hz vertex rhythm]]
*[[Breach rhythm]]

<h2 style="margin:0px;margin-bottom:15px;background-color:#D1DAEB;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a3bfb1;text-align:center;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Sleep</h2>
'''EEG during sleep'''

----

*[[Sleep overview]]
*[[Non-REM 1]]
*[[Non-REM 2]]
*[[Non-REM 3]]
*[[REM sleep]]
*[[POSTS (Positive occipital sharp transients of sleep)]]
*[[K complex]]
*[[Vertex waves]]

<h2 style="margin:0px;margin-bottom:15px;background-color:#D1DAEB;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a3bfb1;text-align:center;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Artifacts</h2>
'''Different kinds of artifacts'''

----

*[[Eye blink artifact]]
*[[Eye movements artifact]]
*[[Muscle artifact]]
*[[ECG artifact]]
*[[Pulse artifact]]
*[[Breathing artifact]]
*[[Sweat artifact]]

</div>
</div>
|}


|style="border:1px solid #E2ACB1;background-color:#eaf3ff;padding:5px;" width="33%" valign="top" |
<h2 style="margin:0px;margin-bottom:15px;background-color:#D1DAEB;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a3bfb1;text-align:center;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Abnormal EEG</h2>
<div style="margin-top:15px;">
<div align="left" style="font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;border-bottom:1px solid #E2ACB1;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em">Epileptiform:</div>
{| style="background:transparent;font-size:10pt" align="left"
|-
| style="background:transparent" valign="top" align="left"|
*[[Spikes and sharp waves]]
*[[Spike slow wave complex]]
*[[Sharp wave slow wave complex]]
*[[Polyspikes slow wave complex]]
*[[Photoparoxysmal response]]
*[[Status epilepticus]]

'''Abnormalities associated with epilepsy'''

----
*[[LPD (lateralized periodic discharges)]]
*[[BIPD (Bilateral independent periodic discharges)]]
*[[TIRDA (temporal intermittent rhythmic delta activity)]]
*[[OIRDA (occipital intermittent rhythmic delta activity)]]
*[[GPD (Generalized periodic discharges)]]

'''Encephalopathic'''

----

*[[FIRDA (frontal intermittent rhythmic delta activity)]]

'''Focal abnormalities'''

----

*[[Zeta waves]]

|}


| style="border:1px solid #E2ACB1;background-color:#eaf3ff;padding:5px;" width="33%" valign="top" |
<h2 style="margin:0px;margin-bottom:15px;background-color:#D1DAEB;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a3bfb1;text-align:center;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Epilepsy syndromes</h2>
<div align="left" style="margin-top:15px;">
<div style="font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;border-bottom:1px solid #E2ACB1;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em">The clinic and EEG abnormalities of epilepsy syndromes</div>
{| style="background:transparent;font-size:10pt" align="left"
|-
| style="background:transparent" valign="top" align="left"|
*[[Childhood Absence Epilepsy]]
*[[CSWS (Continuous spike and wave during slow wave sleep)]]
*[[Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy]]
*[[Landau Kleffner Syndrome (LKS)]]
*[[Panayiotopoulos Syndrome]]
*[[West Syndrome]]
*[[Benign childhood Epilepsy with CentroTemporal Spikes (=BECTS) or Rolandic epilepsy]]

|}


<div style="clear:both"></div>
<h2 style="margin:0px;margin-bottom:15px;background-color:#D1DAEB;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a3bfb1;text-align:center;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em;">EEG of the Month</h2>
<div style="padding:5px;background:#eaf3ff;border:1px solid #ccc;">
<div align="center" style="margin-top:15px;">
[[File:EEG_of_the_month_1(source).png|400px]]</div>
''EEG of a 5 year old girl (source)''

[[ Panayiotopoulos Syndrome | Click here for the correct answer ]]

[[ EEG of the month | Previous EEG of the month ]]
</div>
</div>



</div>
|}




<div style="border:1px solid #E2ACB1;padding:4px;text-align:left;background-color:#eaf3ff;margin-top:10px">
<div style="padding:15px">
<h2 style="margin:0px;margin-bottom:15px;background-color:#D1DAEB;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a3bfb1;text-align:left;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em;">'''Contributors'''</h2>
{| width=100% style="background:transparent"
'''Martin Herklots, MD'''<br />
Neurology resident, ETZ hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands<br />
''Founder and author''<br />
'''Geert Brekelmans, MD, PhD'''<br />
Neurologist, ETZ hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands<br />
''Author and EEG examples''<br />
'''Bas Jongbloed, MD'''<br />
Neurology resident, ETZ hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands<br />
''Author''
|

|}
</div>
</div>